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1. What is the difference between encryption and hashing?

2. How would you implement security measures in a legacy system?

3. What are your preferred penetration testing tools and why?

4. Can you explain what a Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attack is?

5. How do you stay updated with the latest security threats and technologies?

6. What do you find most challenging about working in application security?

7. Describe a significant security flaw you identified and resolved in an application.

8. What is SQL Injection and how can it be prevented?

9. Can you explain the principle of least privilege and its importance in application security?

10. What are the key differences between static and dynamic application security testing?

11. How would you implement security in a DevOps environment?

12. Explain the term ‘threat modeling’ and its importance in application security.

13. What measures would you take to secure an API?

14. Describe the importance of security in the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC).

15. What is a Web Application Firewall (WAF) and how does it work?

16. How do you ensure secure coding practices in your development process?

17. What are common security risks associated with mobile applications?

18. How do you handle patch management in a large-scale application?

19. What strategies do you use for vulnerability management?

20. Can you discuss the implementation of Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) in an application?

21. What is a buffer overflow and how can it be prevented?

22. How would you mitigate risks associated with third-party libraries and frameworks?

23. What is the OWASP Top 10, and why is it important?

24. Describe a time you had to respond to a security incident.

25. What is the difference between a security audit and a security assessment?

26. How do you approach securing serverless architectures?

27. What are the challenges of implementing Zero Trust architecture in application security?

28. How do you test for and protect against CSRF attacks?

29. Can you explain the concept of container security and its challenges?

30. What best practices do you follow for secure code review?

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Advanced Application Security Engineer Interview Questions

1. How would you design a security strategy to protect a microservices architecture from both external and internal threats?

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2. Can you discuss the implementation and challenges of using Runtime Application Self-Protection (RASP) in a live environment?

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3. Describe how you would conduct a threat analysis for a cloud-native application. What specific security concerns are most critical?

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4. How would you secure an application against Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs)?

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5. Discuss the implications of quantum computing on current encryption methodologies. How would you prepare an application's security for post-quantum threats?

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Secure Coding related Application Security Engineer Interview Questions

1. How would you approach identifying and mitigating security risks in a large, legacy codebase that hasn't been regularly maintained for security?

2. Can you discuss the use and challenges of incorporating automated security scanning tools within a Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipeline?

3. Describe a strategy to ensure secure coding practices in a multi-team development environment, especially when teams are working on interdependent components.

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4. How would you implement and enforce a secure coding standard in a globally distributed development team?

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5. Discuss the implications of memory management vulnerabilities in languages like C and C++ and how to mitigate them.

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